Hale’s Medications & Mothers’ Milk

The audit

Who controls it

Springer Publishing sells the reference, whose authorship is led by Kaytlin Krutsch and builds on Thomas W. Hale's work. Its editorial and research leadership overlaps with InfantRisk.

Money

The book is a paid Springer reference; the publisher catalog listed a 2027–2028 22nd edition from US$90 at review. Sales revenue, royalties and pharmaceutical underwriting were not disclosed in the reviewed pages.

Conflict rules

The public product page does not show an edition-level conflict policy or author financial disclosures. No pharmaceutical sponsorship was identified there, but the page alone cannot establish that none exists.

Method

Springer describes more than 1,300 medication monographs and lactation-risk categories. The full method, citations, evidence grading and monograph-level disclosures were not available on the product page, and the paid entries were not inspected.

Dates on its pages

InfantRisk's resources page refers to a 2025 edition, while Springer's catalog lists a 2027–2028 22nd edition; the labels are not reconciled, so the specific edition and monograph date require checking.

Political exposure

This is a commercial clinical reference, not a government publication. No source-specific political interference or content rewrite was identified in the reviewed materials.

Money exposure

Book sales are a documented commercial incentive, while no pharmaceutical funder or royalty amount was verified. Shared authorship and research ties to InfantRisk limit independence even without evidence of sponsor influence.

Track record

No independent book-wide validation, correction log or major correction episode was identified in the reviewed publisher and InfantRisk pages; the paid monographs were not inspected. None of b1-b5 supplied a source-specific Hale test finding.

Where this comes from

• Publisher product page
• InfantRisk team
• InfantRisk reference resources
• Springer reference works catalog